Inputs
FR-4 typically 4.0-4.5
Typical: 10% for general use
Results
How it works
Effective εr (microstrip): εeff = 0.64·εr + 0.36
Propagation velocity: v = c / √εeff
Propagation delay: tpd = 1 / v
Unit Interval: UI = 1 / data_rate
Skew budget: Δt = fraction × UI
Length mismatch: ΔL = Δt / tpd
Based on typical FR-4 properties and industry guidelines for high-speed differential signaling.